Engine cylinder



March 17, 1925. 1,529,812

' G. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug. 16, 1923 ll Sheets-Sheet 1 5? 14 an 3); 1i

520 I MW' CWZJiliiiL/ Mmmb 17, 1925.

c. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug, 16, 1925 .11 Sheets-sheaf 2f March17, 1925.

C. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug, 16, 1925 11 Sheets-Sht 3 March 17;I925. 1,529,812

1 c. REINEKF ENGINE- CYLINDER Filed Aug. 16, was 11 Sheets-ShaoQ 4 CI.REHNEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug 16, 1923 11 Sheets-Shem c. REINEKEENGINE cYLmpBR Filed Aug, 16, 1923 11 Sheets-shay); &'

GMZaaf? ed ma March 11, 925 szsw C. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER FiledAug.16, 3,923 1 Sheets-5heet 7 March 17, 1925. 1.529512 c. REINEKEENGINE CYLINDER I Filed Aug 16 1925 ll Sheets-Shani 8 March 11,1925;

C. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug 1 5, 1933 11 Sheets-Shi f,

i iihamia i? 3925.

1,529,812 Q. REXNEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug, 16, 1923 11 Sheet-Sho'1i Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

UNITED STAg CHARLES REINEKE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THEREIITEEE MOTGR C613? PORA'IION, 0' NEW YORK, N. Y.,

ime

rte

A CORZPDE-ATION OF DELAWAREV ENGINE CYLINDER.

Application filed August 16, 1923. Serial N0. 657,7E 8. I

To all tc/zum it may concern:

Be itknown that I. Ginnucs liElNElili, a citizen of the United States.residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in EngineCylinders; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full. clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in cylinders for internalcmnbustion engines, and more particularly to cylinders of the jacketedtype.

Before dcscrilfing the details of construction, it desirable to reviewthe conditions under. which work is accomplished in the cylinder of aninternal combustion engine of any\ ty 'ic. Whether it the cylinder of anexplosive or expansive ei'igine, the two main tactors'to contend, withare the heat and the strength of the material employed. each. o'ficourse. in its own class. according to the filtlftllltl compressionused.

The 0t cylindersv constructed in known manners. is limited on account ofthe licatqas they have to .be very thick to withstaml the high pressurein larger cylinders. Consequently the cold water has a vcry slow etl'ccton the internal heat.

Furthermore. to obtain a satisfactory .wcaring surface for the piston,the inside of the cylinder is ususlly made ot cast iron.

The mixture ()1 the cast iron for the best wearing results is not alwaysthe most de- .-ira ;o for purposcs'o'i strcngth. and it is for thisreason that l propose using the most suitable material. for wearing onthe intcrior of the cylinder and thc most desirable material ll.)'1"'stt'tl\ itlt cxteriorly of said w aring! nmtcrial 'lhc primaryobject of thc invention is to construct a cylinder having a cast ironlin r of a high grade mi\turc for wearing purposes and to surround thislincr with a tube of high tensile strength. so that the lhi kmrs ol' thelillt'l and tho lllllt' is kept suilicic-ntly thin f r the cooling watcrto maintain lhc inlcrnal hcat within proper limits to facilitatelubricating. 'lo keep the drain o'. the cast iron liner and its surrounding high iclis'llc strength tube well within its limts. I place anouter tube around the high tensile strength tube and arrange staysbetween the inner and outer sure on the cast iron liner and inner tube.

The outer tube which is spaced from the inner tube and therefore notaffected by the internal heat, can be made of extra thickness, and mayserve as a water jacket. To strengthen the outer tube, a number ofstayrings may be arranged exteriorly of the same and shrunk into place. 1

This is substantially thebro'ad idea of the present invention and it isto be borne in mined that the various elements are formed of tubes, theinnermost; tube or liner viding an etiicieut wearing surface for thepiston. and the outermost tubes strengthen ing the liner and taking thestrain from the latter. To demonstrate the advantages of this type ofcylinder construction for internal combustion engines, it must betakeninto consideration that the tensile strength of rolled steel is about.seven times. greater than cast iron under ordinary circumstances.Furthermore a steel tube can be inspected throughout and no extra iactorotsafety has to be allowed, such as is the case with iron castings.Furthermore, there are no internal strains in the steel tubeconstruction as there are in cylinder castings. so that such strains donot have to be considered with the construction provided by the presentinvention. The greatest advantage, however, is that the heat questioncan be more favorably handled. as the cylinder walls can be made muchthinner, and one can tell exactly how thick each innio-rtant part isbefore assen'ihling. in contratlistinction to jacketed castings in whichit is impossible to inspect the space between the cylinder proper andthe jacket. This makes it possible to build a lighter and strongerengine. which tacilit-atcs the use of h gher compression andconsequently a heavier tu'el oil. Moreover as the liner and inner tubemay be made relatively thin. the spacing" Jctween the same and the outertube will i'orm an etlicient. means for rapidly htating' thrwater usedfor cooling, an l therefore this water may be converted into steam andthe s'icalli utilized to develop power.

As the application of this cylinder con struction' is as manifold asthere are types ot' engines. at present, no concrete rule can be madefor the details, but each type must accompanying; drawings, 3.116. [mm

be considered. sepa ing, however, drawn :1 cylinders should be 11sec?tubes for larger c hndmrs, insteafi. 01L ings for the cyiinderhoussimg'. may be straight. and clamp the ends G1" the mm 5 my be itateconnecting the same l roile tubes, tapared and electric weirling may asvmp number 01 different siays, sue v a nd cxt'ernai stay rings aw-(mewand fastenings may be mam? welded bo'iig, saiid nz' employed, ,and.w'ehied m' may be used i1 Meals 0:: Sid s der tubes far the pal-pm 0the surfaces, or $0 fnrmi. valves,"$r igni'iinh appliances necessary in@033 SQQEYRSE ty 'ae. Therefore, I have in the drawing ShOWlk the uss m:many types eficylindemuf U3? tubes may be use with other gines, as theM0351 flea rasifies the siifi'erent materials and which tha cylinderimusizags a With fhfi foregoing {am saw 0170a?v with oiher objacts ifVifaf'; which pear as the description PIGCPQiiQ, Lion consists in thenovel? features Ur after described in (ifiiiizii, ifillSi littii :2vmiiix'fal and WE-HUGH 1111.19-

5 eaigzna tea the its npp a'r am? 3 {2&5 '1 This My m' ports Ma paw "M;1 42 W03? liner is shown applied to an angina cv'iimi ims 0%. m sm'rmu n'aip i 'tmsiic opposed plsmm E /pe at swimnggt In mike;-

Fig. 2 is a, homzwtai ecii'onni viw: m? the m {4' same takan (m. Ime-2--2 1'; in?

F1. 3 1:; 2-1 slmflur mew taken an him Z-Ji Hui mmmr icngfm and ismnviflafi l n I A 3 and 1 m ham. it W15 View of a siightiy modified formcsnnecm in w h def parhcuiarifl arm'pte rl for imm sa2 7 312 Fig, 8 i31.2, sectional View talk-211 n fin?- 8- 8 05- Fig 7; I

9 is & *vQrtica? sactianaf. View 0 niflhar msfiificatiur. 0f thefmmcyula type of is a transverse horizmitzal I 'v, cv iimeer imiiar inHm Fig? i, but Win 5 mndii-Ewi i2 purpcaaa;

BEST manners cops? into the outer tube 9 from below, and when the tube 6has been inserted the desired dis tance, a U-shaped ring 18 is driveninto the space between the innerand outer tube from above and rivet/edinto position as shown.

. e into position. After this an upper angle ring 20 is inserted intothe chamber 8 from below and this ringis riveted into position as shown.Then a lower angle ring 21 is It will lnobserved that a number oi rinrngaicd. llllit' ll will n'illisland great inserted and riveted intoposition. After. Wards a. channel-shaped ring 22 is inserted and rivetedto the inner and outer tubes as Well as to a base ring 23, which may beused in securing the cylinder to a cranlc case or the like.

It may be seen from Fig. 2 that the horizontal portions of the rings 14are provided with radially disposed recesses 24 for the purpose ofpermitting water to circulate througluthe chandler 8, and similarrecesses are provided as shown at 25 in the lower rings 20 and 21. Therecesses 24: in the upper horizontal portion of each ring let are 111staggered relation relatively to the re-- cesses in the lower horizontalportion of said ring, so that. the studs 26 between the recesses arc instaggered arrangement. This arrangement permits the passage of waterthrough the rings without weakening-the rcin tm'ciing ctlect of'lherings 14 at the point when: the rrr'csr-cs 2! are arrauu' d.

l-Elare provided in ordcr to tal-te cur of the pressure applied to theinner lube l3 and lransl'cr the strain caused by this pressure lo theouter tube 1*. 'liiu-rol'oro the tube (3 iuay lN made rclaliiwly thin.

'lhc ishapcd mm slruciiou of the ring 15 provides a ham er for theexhaust fjiblS which chamber is cooled on thre ides b) the watcr pass ngthrough lhe chamber 5'5. and the ualcr also acls lo cool tho ing throughthe tubes or pipes ll). l urlhcrmorc. as the rim: 1'5 extends entirelyaround lb lube il is not only helpful to the geni-ral expansi n of theovlindcr, bul also a lofirs' brllrr openings lo boplaccd all around theliiu-r f r quick escape of the c7 baust cases, ,r

it may ln- 5c that llu' r-onslruction sol 'forlb bears some rc cinblanrcto a slcam boiler i-ouaru l on and il l lhc ouicr cor illlil, sure, andlnrlln-rinorc this tube .may be readily expanded and routractcd owing toits corrugated i-zlrnclurc. The reason for the corrugaled structure maybe best mithan the inner tube.

550 to 1001); boat in the cvlindcn This causes the inner lube l; tobecome very hotcomparcd irilh lho outer tube 5) and consequently theinner lube will expand lengthwise to a grrcatcr cxlcul. than the outertube. To eliminate lhis initial Sll'illlh the outer tube is corrugalcdso as to stretch easier As -thc cylinder conslruction in Figs. 1 (oilfor an opposcd piston type of engine, the pressure.is'takeu from thepiston direct. by'connect-ing rods to opposed points on the shaft. thuseliminatinr this longitudinal stress on the cylinder housing andtherefore unai lectingthe corrugated tube, v

It will be understood that the liner 1 is inserted into positionafter-thctubcsli and ll" have been assembled. and it will also beunderstood that a port 27 in the tube 9 passes the charge of air to theintake ports l. The oil injection tube 2H i added to the c mstructional'lcr the various parts have, been assembled and it functions to injectthe oil into the space between lhc two opposed pistons. p 7

As before slated; the construction disclosed in Figs. lto 3 is preferredby me, and it discloses the broad idea of constructing internalcombustionengine cylinders out'of. already manufactured tubes. Bythe'tcrm tubes I mean all kinds of manufactured tubes, solid drawntubcs, welded tubes, and solid rolled tubes. These may range fronr inchcast'pipe to 80 inch rolled boiler furnace pipe, for strictly speaking,they are all tubes or pipes. 'lhcsc tubes are used as they have beenmanufactured and there isno necessity for inside or outside machining.In some cases I may use tubes cut in uniform lengths, and in other casesa flange maybe turned over at one or both onds'of the tube. In stillother cases I press the round tubes flat or oval at ccrl ain points forvarious purposes. but in all. ULSl'w I employ already'nianul'm-lurcdtubes, and not sheet-iron tubes, rolled or compressed into difi'ercntshapes and the scclions welded together.

I will now procced to describe briefly various UlllPl l'ypcsol'.r-yliiulc1s for difi'erent l'orms ol engines. 7 s

in lhc embodiment of the invention illus' tralcil in Figs. 4 and theinner high lcnsilo strcnc'th iubu 6" and the outer high b nsihslri-no'lhluhc 5 are spaced apart at llicir cu ls by rings I30 and 3] so as toform a uaier sparr- 32 beluccn the tubes. In this cinistrucliou a numberof stay rings 523 are placed in tho water space and bear on both tubesfor the purpose of transmitting the pressure of the inner tube to. theouter tube. 'lhese rings are also reccssedss shown nl ll and therecesses of adjacent rings are ar; ranged out .of alignment to provideat.

iii;

escizxciou f nuatimi, :50 that the lingers 35 iwtwwn tinii!3 if f-9 arein staggered an izi13;1{*.11111f in m'ongiimn the: simicturei One ofthew; si'uy rings is shown in Fig. 6; and it 11m) ima nsmi with(ill'iUH' ypes of cyiin (10.22%. :ihmvn i2: Fig. 4, Han casfi ironiin-au" i gi's'cibrziiwly LXi'ilii; iwinw the tubes 1; mu; 1.) .UNi intothe ("yank (1569 36.

in iiw mu iimiinn shown in Figs I and 8 one ("mi win 33? :ipviiureii forihe paisf'lgifi ufi imizs +8 nmi to 'fm'zai wzuier passages imul ii) ofthe sryiindQ-r. 'ilw My extend itin'ough 119 iu'wi :xmi iiw wzmaz" spa!Hi the cylinder, 2:: an; {ESL- JPN! in the hams -21. This base may 1msvcmr'd to {310 crank case by bolts or imiis invi' SCE'QWS P2, Tim-Sciig'zms HiS-i) Show the weidm of [11:- mni ring! 3? zmii the base 4 toi'iic inner and Mair-1 tuba-s 3" and 9". The pines f Wviding aredesignated ii-3,

the -fmsiruvi'inn iiiusii'zzted in Fig 9 9116s 0f the inner tubs areflanged Gut "Wardiy as siwwn at -14? and -15" :116: first mew tioneziflange iwing iij ifililll'fli 46 to paymii; the 0001 water to irzzveifrom the head of the cylinder into the water jaxiuet. The Amt-2r "tubeiSfiiS-Q flanged in His case and its imve? if? sis; on the flange wiiiieits upper Finn 9 in alignment with the flange; m iiiis cmisi'i'uci'innzaisa the in @Gifiii s: rin s 50 an? spot in 100 sitian as shown at 51,and in addition t0 these sizi'engiiiez'iing 521ml stay are snot ii iiiii 53 so the miter izubea. n (med rings rein-{m ca in iii ii'ibik i0piace tile autism in inner rings outer iii-w am S31E18 in ggzere l 536as'shmwia iii iii The hand :mg e rings *izu'iges 4i? and prm'iriedwiitii a l-uCk'ii'Vfi (he imits ami. iiwse L nks haw mike iong tisrsmisso that the ioweic {201"- ,w.

ions if Hie 31mm may Miami inks the crank case, i winie their: UQYP'Lwas may N a r N wave iii? 11!:57554; umpmyed 11 win-mg die Emmi 5:0 timeI 9 aigoiiiustmtes a d, minis mi: km ijmn in 363 nssmi wiiei e 1?, spmkping. mi l'lljiC-iifli aive, in. due like,

' f5 1*: aperture in (he 0mm is 015 i933 (iizunvi ir than 31:2 min: :56and mm as; a stisngiiwning *win'i where time iEFQl'fiHfQS ex we side 01file cy'iindm'. The 3-; tube 56 is wimieii at in are {(WH'AQQ in the maim cyiiiney zi mm in Lszmam 9 is aa'npioyeii in :Z-uycie engines thux itis desirable t0 have Hm exhaust opening exner m d miter tubes of thecylinder anti is. -weiiied m puma as shown at $0, the 012mm and of themile abut-ting against the: in 3185. surface the outer tube .01. thesyiinflex" by reason 01 the i'mi' timi; the aperiure in the outer "tubeof the cyiindetc is (if iass size tim". iiie mater dimmer of the tubs59. This Quiver end in" the tubs is weicieci t0 the outer tube of thecylinder as Shawn at. 61 ami POYLS (i2 arranged in the. cast ilUZl linertn pmmiifi fiche passage (if R22 are inmst gasses to enter the tube 5!It Wiii'bza appreciated that the placing izhsa ex'nmisz igusaageway inizhe exhaust si denf the cylinis weakens the constructiim. at the paintWhai'e the exhaust passaga is heated, and m @iiminate this disadvantage1 arranga studs hetwsen the inns? ami cuter tubes 0% ibhfi syiindea'sand weid the outer ends in? tiiesa studs in place as Shawn at Themaciificatien sham; in Figs. 12 t0 mehislve is quite sumia? in thatdisclosed in Figs. 1 t0 3 Wiilh cmtain Exceptions, some ibis enlargementEma as. fixing-:2 Z1 resting 011 Picks '2'? are weideii is the upper andthe outer tube 5% and these baits iwii the iinmai i in place. The, linerin this cnnsimction has rac'iiiii ribs iiha base pixie 7:2.

in which spam: i325: upper pmtiim (if the same from the upper pnrtion 9fthe: tube 69. The exhaust ipes 12m shown m: 76 1115i it may be seen rem13 that iilesa exhaust pipes commuizicat a with an anmiisuchamber 7?formei by tbs flange 6S the upper seciion 36 if iii-e inner tube am iuyflange 78 at the 115 upper and the inwer section 6'? of the hi. may: TheCasi iwn finer forms the in" new wail. of this ammiaz. chamber and tileGfii'fil iubai farms the outer wnii of said chamber. is vveiaieii at 80fin fin: omxer izuba 69 am 21$; #31 in (die fianga TL 8551fiasig'naieiastay rings in waiter: and 83 designatefi $321 ringsfiurrmm-tiin Jim miter 3 ,132. 84: (iesigname the air imam pox-is and85) the exhaust 1 pml'tsu A. screw threadezi sic-eve 86 is pm viie' toieceive an oii inj'sction valve The iE-cycia motor boat engine shown inFigs 15, 1G and i2 aim of i1v constmction simiiar ta; $11M 'iizs't.described that is ii; in 13G A. jacket mice 7% of and shape 12% eludes aliner 87 of cast iron and an inner tube 88 and an outer tube 89 of hightensile strength'material such as steel. The inner and outer tubes havetheir upper ends contracted to form domes 90 and 91, the dome 9Ohaving'a neck or tubular extension 92 extending through the dome 91 andwelded to the same at 93. A tap 94 extends into this neck to receive aspark plug or the like. Di;

electrically opposite sides of the lower portions of the tubes 88 and 89are flared outwardly as shown at 95 and 96, While diametrically oppositesides at right angles to the last mentioned sides are flattened as shownat 97 and 98 in Fig. 16. It will be noted that the flared portions 95and 96 abut a ainst one another, to close one portion of tne lower endof the Water space 99 of the cylinder, while-the. flattened portions 97and 98 of the tubes are spaced apart, and these spacesare closed byshort narrow plates 100, that are welded in position. Bearings 101 and102 are secured to the flattened portions 97 and )8 by means of bolts103 and collars 101 surrounding these bolts for spacing purposes. Inthis form of engine the air is admitted at 105 into the crank case andtravels through-the pipe 106 into the combustion chamber, from which theexhaust gases are discharged by an exhaust pipe 107. The

' liner 87 as shown in Fig. 15 has radial ribs 108 at its lower end andscrews 109 engage these ribs for holding the liner in position.

in Figs. 18 to inclusive I have showi'i ny cylinder construction appliedto an enlne having a plurality of cylinders, and in his case the outerhigh tensile strength ma- 'erial tube 110 forms the jacket for twocylinders, this jacket resting on a spacing memher 111, which hasnotches or recesses to receive the inner tubes 112 of high tensilestrength material. It will be seen that the cyl: structure hereinincludes a single cut-er tube. two inner tubes 112 and two case l .x-;11?. The headplate 1.1 1 rests ibes Y119 and 112 and closes the spaceeen the same so that said space may form a water chamber. Rods 115 haveconical en iargemcnts 116 intermediate their ends, which are countersunkin the head plate 114, and ti e rods extend through the water space ofthe cylinder structure and are pr0- vided at their lower ends with nuts117. These rods also pass through stay plates 118, the bottom plate 111and a base plate 119. The stay plates 118, as best shown in Fig. 21,surround both cylinders, that is each plate 118 accommodates twocylinders and is arranged between the inner tubes 112 of these cylindersand the outer tube 110. The plates 118 are apertured at 120 to permitthe circulation of water through the cylinder structure.

It will be noted that the outer tube 110 flattened and cross bolts 121connect these flattened sides and aid in taking up the plat s 123 and124. These plates are a'per-- tured at various points to receive tapsfor spark plugs, oil injection valves'and the-like, and they are alsoaperturcd to accommodate intake and exhaust valves and 126, the specificconstruction of which forms no part of the present invention.

Resting on the upper plate 123 are. brackets 1:27 to support the valveactuating means. It will be noted that the rods 115 extend through theplates 124 and 123 and are provided at their upper ends with nuts 128.The head of the cylinder also forms a water chamber which communicateswith the water chamber, of the cylinder structure by means of ports 129,shown in Fig. 18. By referring to the various section lines on Figs. 18to 24 inclusive, the construction of this tvpe of engine may be readilyunderstood.

From the foregoing it is believed that the construction and advantagesof the invention may be readily understood, and it is apparent thatchanges may be made in the details disclosed withcutdeparting from thespirit of the invention as expressed'in the claims. v 7

What I claim and desire to-sccure by Lettors Patent is: i

1.. An cngine cylinder structure including inner; and outer tubes of amaterial having a tensile strength substantially equal to that of steeland capable of withstanding the pressure created by internal combustion,

means permanently securingsaid tubes to gether and spacing the sameapart, and a tubular liner arranged in the inncr tube, bearing againstthe latter and having properties substantially the same as those of castiron. v

2. An engine cylinder structure including spaced inner and outer tubesof high tensile strength metal, metallic spacing means arranged betweenthe tubcs and capable of transferring strains from the inner tube to theouter tube, and .a 'cast metal liner tube arranged in and bearingagainst the inner tube.

3. An engine cylinder structure as claimed in claim 1 in which the innertube is of less thickness than the outer tube.

4.14.11 engine structure as claimed in claim 1, in which the spacingmeans confer strains from tube.

5. An engine cylinder structure including spaced inner and outer tubesof high the inner tube to the outer l H ll ' 1:100 mam/1v m 11s arr g213?; IKQE:SREEJQCZ ting connected t0 gable of trans? he mner tuba aim:tori nmg an e-zflaaustgas passageway its: the cy niier,

3. A ay iiner as 9. med in slain} 11 inchamnekshnpefi ring connectefi tou and fawning an minus? gas 3. sit-0h, tubes mennect'ing thsclm-mzebshaperi ring in the arranged in the inane of its ends cmmect- 1as. the othar enci of saici cured and free $0 Expand Ending a rehtiveiythin me 155.19 strength nmtarial, a

outer tube smsrmmding the Jrmlded W161 corrugations, behvcen 1m tubasand m1 strains from the, inner Finale? @1709.

I cylindm' shuature includand 0mm: i'unes farmed; of

mmns an-ang ed becapable in inner tube 'to the; cuter Iwn liner tubeam'anged in 3st he inner mm.

csx'nbustion engine, an 2;. "111m owned of high '1; J and each censistindinarv high tensila siiren t.

sngines 1 and capable ofimnsfen'in .n fhe jimmy to Etheouter tube, and.

m tu'm'mmngeci in the inner "mg imifarmly against the lab earring stminscaused inter- A @11 m firm inner tube;

" mmg; 'Whea'mi I 212353 mysignaiure.

GHARTL 132111153X mire J the. maker iube, and a Casi; ilT-OII linermeans arranged e-' 6'5 transferring

